Compliant with ASTM D5453 Standard; the XPLORER-S

International regulations regarding the maximum amount of Sulfur in fuels are getting more stringent: multi-annual programs prescribe a maximum concentration of 10 mg/kg. Best repeatability and lowest uncertainty in measuring such low sulfur concentrations is becoming a necessity.

Superior Repeatability & Accuracy

Compared to other analytical techniques, Total Sulfur measurement by UV-Fluorescence provides superior repeatability and the highest accuracy. The lowest possible uncertainty of the actual concentration provides better insight over the Sulfur content during analysis. It ultimately leads to accurate results of Sulfur concentrations to match the maximum allowed 10 mg/kg.

International methods

Current and to be implemented multi-annual programs for environmental pollution reduction, like EPA/TIER 3, CHINA 5 and EURO 5, prescribe a maximum allowable amount of 10 mg/kg Sulfur in automotive fuels. An Elemental Combustion Analyser is required to accurately measure Total Sulfur at this level as described in the international method ASTM D5453 which is comparable to ISO 20846 and SH/T 0689.

The best solution: XPLORER-S

The XPLORER-S elemental combustion analyser has been used to perform the analysis of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons according ASTM D5453. Various samples were introduced by the ARCHIE liquids auto sampler into the XPLORER-S. Accuracy, Precision and Limit of Detection tests have been executed successfully on two separate locations. One location is stationed in the Netherlands at TE Instruments and the other location in the USA at HORIBA. The results prove that the XPLORER-S succeeds with ease and is fully compliant with ASTM D5453:

PRECISION TEST – 9 mg/kg
 

The Std dev is well below the allowable 0.5 mg/kg at both locations. The XPLORER-S passes the Precision Test Requirements.

ASTM D5453 Formula:

The maximum Std dev for 9 mg/kg Sulfur is 0.5 mg/kg (Std dev ≤ 1.5 * (r / 2.77)).
At the level of 9 mg/kg, r=0.93 based on the formula r=0.1788 X^0.75.

ACCURACY TEST – 10 mg/kg Sulfur
 

The absolute difference (Δ) from the mean does not exceed 0.41 mg/kg. The XPLORER-S passes the Accuracy Test Requirements.

ASTM D5453 Formula:

The maximum allowable absolute difference (Δ) from the mean is calculated with the formula Max Std dev*.75.

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