Analytical instrumentation
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For X-ray fluorescence (XRF), a common matrix effect interference involves particulates settling to the bottom of the sample cup and absorbing the X-ray signal which can lead to a biased result. While many D4294 instruments can correct for interfering elements, interferences that settle in crude oil can create challenging scenarios. Refineries and third-party certification companies using XRF for high-particulate samples have relied on centrifuging samples to ensure an accurate sulfur measurement.
Petra MAX is a multi-element D4294 analyser designed with a vertical sample introduction system to help eliminate biased results due to particulate settling and avoid the hassle of centrifuging samples before measurement.
Download the whitepaper to read our experiment on running samples both with and without centrifuge pretreatment.
PIN 27.2 Apr/May 2026